Neuroendocrine and Adrenal Tumors, Version 2.2021, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology
Manisha H. Shah, Whitney Goldner, Al B. Benson, Emily K. Bergsland, Lawrence S. Blaszkowsky, Pamela Brock, J.K.C. Chan, Satya Das, Paxton V. Dickson, Paul T. Fanta, Thomas J. Giordano, Þorvarður R. Hálfdánarson, Daniel M. Halperin, Jin He, Anthony P. Heaney, Martin J. Heslin, Fouad Kandeel, Arash Kardan, Sajid Khan, Boris W. Kuvshinoff, Christopher H. Lieu, Kimberly D. Miller, Venu G. Pillarisetty, Diane Reidy‐Lagunes, Sarimar Agosto Salgado, Shagufta Shaheen, Heloisa P. Soares, Michael C. Soulen, Jonathan Strosberg, Craig Sussman, Nikolaos A. Trikalinos, N. Uboha, Namrata Vijayvergia, Terence Z. Wong, Beth Lynn, Cindy Hochstetler
Abstract
The NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology (NCCN Guidelines) for Neuroendocrine and Adrenal Gland Tumors focus on the diagnosis, treatment, and management of patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), adrenal tumors, pheochromocytomas, paragangliomas, and multiple endocrine neoplasia. NETs are generally subclassified by site of origin, stage, and histologic characteristics. Appropriate diagnosis and treatment of NETs often involves collaboration between specialists in multiple disciplines, using specific biochemical, radiologic, and surgical methods. Specialists include pathologists, endocrinologists, radiologists (including nuclear medicine specialists), and medical, radiation, and surgical oncologists. These guidelines discuss the diagnosis and management of both sporadic and hereditary neuroendocrine and adrenal tumors and are intended to assist with clinical decision-making. This article is focused on the 2021 NCCN Guidelines principles of genetic risk assessment and counseling and recommendations for well-differentiated grade 3 NETs, poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas, adrenal tumors, pheochromocytomas, and paragangliomas.