Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C), a Post-viral Myocarditis and Systemic Vasculitis—A Critical Review of Its Pathogenesis and Treatment
Jeremy C. McMurray, Joseph W. May, Madeleine W. Cunningham, Olcay Y. Jones
Abstract
MIS-C is a newly defined post-viral myocarditis and inflammatory vasculopathy of children following COVID-19 infection. This review summarizes the literature on diagnosis, parameters of disease severity, and current treatment regimens. The clinical perspective was analyzed in light of potential immunopathogenesis and compared to other post-infectious and inflammatory illnesses of children affecting the heart. In this paradigm, the evidence supports the importance of endothelial injury and activation of the IL-1 pathway as a common determinant among MIS-C, Kawasaki disease, and Acute Rheumatic fever.
Topics & Concepts
MedicineKawasaki diseasePathogenesisMyocarditisViral MyocarditisVasculitisImmunologyDiseaseSystemic vasculitisPathologyInternal medicineArteryKawasaki Disease and Coronary ComplicationsInflammasome and immune disordersMechanical Circulatory Support Devices