Design and Synthesis of Benzoxepine–Based 1,2,3‐Triazoles: Molecular Docking and in vitro Antimicrobial Activity Evaluation
Siva Kumar Gandham, Amit A. Kudale, Tejeswara Rao Allaka, Anjali Jha
Abstract
Abstract Here, we report a novel series of dihydrobenzoxepin linked to 1,2,3‐triazole scaffolds ( 5 a‐k ) along with their pharmacological activity against different Gram–(+ve), Gram–(–ve) and fungal strains. Structures of all the compounds were ascertained by using different spectral techniques like Nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H & 13 C), Infrared (IR), Mass spectrometric and elemental analysis. The biological studies revealed that piperazinyl‐4‐nitrophenyl ( 5 c ), morpholinyl‐4‐chlorophenyl ( 5 d ), dimethyl amino‐4‐chlorophenyl ( 5 h ), morpholinyl‐4‐nitrophenyl ( 5 j ), and piperazinyl‐4‐nitrophenyl ( 5 k ) substituted benzoxepine–1,2,3‐triazole acetamides were the most promising compounds in both antibacterial and antifungal analysis with zone of inhibition ranging from 33–30 mm, 32–28 mm and minimum inhibitory concentrations 1.2, 0.85, 2.1, 2.9, 38.4 μg/mL, 1.8, 1.3, 1.5, 6.7, 2.8 μg/mL respectively. The docking scores of our few selective synthesized ligands 4‐nitrophenyl acetamide ( 5 c ), 4‐chlorophenyl acetamide ( 5 d ), morpholinyl‐4‐hydroxy phenyl ( 5 e ), piperazinyl‐4‐methylphenyl ( 5 f ), and morpholinyl‐4‐hydroxyphenyl ( 5 i ) varied from −8.63 Kcal/mol to −7.12 Kcal/mol and 4‐nitrophenyl‐1,2,3‐triazole ( 5 c ) exhibited highest hydrogen bonding amino acid interactions Tyr248 (3.31 Å), Arg171 (3.06 Å), Arg265 (3.04, 2.76 Å), Lys273 (2.79 Å), Ser21 (2.71 Å) within the active site of S. aureus protein (2ZCS). Further investigation of title compounds was subjected to Molinspiration, Molsoft property explorer for oral bioavailability to analyze their pharmacokinetic properties and dimethylamino‐4‐chlorophenyl ( 5 h ), morpholinyl‐4‐hydroxyphenyl ( 5 i ) were found to be highest drug–likeness scores 1.40, 1.32 respectively.