Rational Design of Dual-Atom Catalysts for Electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub> Reduction to C<sub>1</sub> and C<sub>2</sub> Products with High Activity and Selectivity: A Density Functional Theory Study
Zhongze Bai, Zhuo Zhi, Xi Zhuo Jiang, Kai Luo
Abstract
High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) electroreduction using renewable energy provides a sustainable solution to mitigate greenhouse effects and achieve carbon neutrality. Developing high-performance electrocatalysts for the CO 2 reduction reaction (CO 2 RR) is key to promoting such a technology. Herein, we systematically explored the CO 2 RR catalytic activity of 325 dual-metal-site catalysts (DMSCs) through density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Among them, the Sc/Tc DMSC is particularly advantageous for HCOOH, CH 4, and CH 3 CH 2 OH production, with limiting potentials of −0.45 V, −0.45 V, and −0.46 V, respectively. The Ti/Rh DMSC can selectively convert CO 2 to CH 3 CH 2 OH at ultralow overpotentials ( U L = −0.21 V). HCOOH is the preferred product of the CO 2 RR on the Mn/Fe site with a U L of −0.30 V. Mn/Fe presents the highest inhibitory effects on the side reaction, the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), with a U L of −0.66 V. Moreover, electronic analysis was conducted to further explain the enhancement for the CO 2 RR of explored catalysts at the subatomic level. Our work offers a strategy for screening of high-performance DMSCs and reveals the mechanisms of the CO 2 RR to target products for selected catalysts, benefiting the further development of CO 2 RR electrocatalysts.