The bio–nano interface as an emerging trend in assembling multi-functional metal nanoparticles
Ali Talha Khalil, Javed Iqbal, Asma Shah, Mubasher Zahir Haque, Imran Mahmood Khan, Muhammad Ayaz, Irshad Ahmad, Shahida Tasneem, Hamidullah Shah
Abstract
Biogenic or green metal nanoparticles have emerged as one of the exciting areas of nanobiotechnology which due to their multifunctional nature holds tremendous promise for answering some of the pressing challenges faced today in areas such as health, environment, and energy. Natural resources like plants and microorganisms or their derived components can be applied as reducing and stabilizing agents in the biofabrication process. Biogenic nanoparticles are considered as an alternative to the synthetic ones due to their economical nature, scale up potential, enhanced reactivity and negligible toxicity. In this chapter, we have made an attempt to summarize recent trends in green synthesis and discuss the potential issues and concerns within the context of sustainability. We have highlighted the progress of biogenic nanomaterials in nanomedicines, sensing, energy, agricultural and food etc. Furthermore, the recent progress in the biofabrication of the metal nanoparticles has been reviewed.