ДИАГНОСТИЧЕСКАЯ РОЛЬ ОПТИЧЕСКОЙ КОГЕРЕНТНОЙ ТОМОГРАФИИ АНГИОГРАФИИ ПРИ ДИАБЕТИЧЕСКОЙ РЕТИНОПАТИИ

Abstract

Relevance. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) and the leading causeof blindness worldwide. It is recognized that the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) can increase and become irregular in DR, which,according to some authors, can serve as biomarkers in diagnosing and monitoring the progression of diabetic retinopathy orassessing response to treatment. The purpose of the study was to determine the characteristics of microcirculation in patientswith type 2 diabetes without clinical signs of retinopathy in the fundus and at different stages of DR using the OCT-A method.Material and methods. A clinical study was conducted among 252 people (n=504), of which 168 patients with type 2 diabetesand 84 practically healthy individuals, the average age of which was 57.6 ± 7.8 years, of which 52.6% were men, 47.4% womenResults. As a result of the studies, an increase in the area of the FAZ with the progression of the severity of the disease, aswell as a decrease in the density of parafoveal superficial and deep vessels at different stages of DR, was revealed. In the deepplexus, the decrease in vascular density occurred earlier, manifesting in patients with type 2 diabetes without DR, comparedwith the superficial plexus, where it began with moderate to severe NPDR and was more pronounced in PDR. Conclusion. Thus,a decrease in the density of the capillary network of the deep vascular plexus, which are detected even at the preclinical stagesof the development of DR and increase as the disease progresses. can serve as a marker of disease severity in the early stagesof diabetic retinopathy.

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