The Role of <sup>89</sup>Zr-Immuno-PET in Navigating and Derisking the Development of Biopharmaceuticals
Guus A.M.S. van Dongen, Wissam Beaino, Albert D. Windhorst, Gerben J.C. Zwezerijnen, Daniela E. Oprea‐Lager, N. Harry Hendrikse, Cornelis van Kuijk, Ronald Boellaard, Marc C. Huisman, Daniëlle J. Vugts
Abstract
The identification of molecular drivers of disease and the compelling rise of biotherapeutics have impacted clinical care but have also come with challenges. Such therapeutics include peptides, monoclonal antibodies, antibody fragments and nontraditional binding scaffolds, activatable antibodies, bispecific antibodies, immunocytokines, antibody-drug conjugates, enzymes, polynucleotides, and therapeutic cells, as well as alternative drug carriers such as nanoparticles. Drug development is expensive, attrition rates are high, and efficacy rates are lower than desired. Almost all these drugs, which in general have a long residence time in the body, can stably be labeled with 89 Zr for whole-body PET imaging and quantification.