Multicenter Retrospective Study of Vascular Infections and Endocarditis Caused by <i>Campylobacter</i> spp., France
Claire Tinévez, Philippe Lehours, Anne-Gaëlle Ranc, Yaniss Belaroussi, Charles Cazanave, Mathilde Pugès, Fanny Velardo, Damien Dubois, Catherine Neuwirth, Hélène Pailhories, Marie Dorel, Geneviève Héry-Arnaud, Olivier Join‐Lambert, Emmanuelle Gras, Stéphane Corvec, Cyrielle Codde, Damien Fournier, Hugo Boijout, Violaine Doat, Leslie Bouard, Anne-Sophie Lagneaux, Maxime Pichon, Célia Couzigou, Claire Letellier, Adrien Lemaignen, Emmanuelle Bille, Xavier Bérard, Caroline Caradu, Claire Webster, D. Neau, for the Campylobacteremia Study Group
Abstract
The incidence of campylobacteriosis has substantially increased over the past decade, notably in France. Secondary localizations complicating invasive infections are poorly described. We aimed to describe vascular infection or endocarditis caused by Campylobacter spp. We included 57 patients from a nationwide 5-year retrospective study on Campylobacter spp. bacteremia conducted in France; 44 patients had vascular infections, 12 had endocarditis, and 1 had both conditions. Campylobacter fetus was the most frequently involved species (83%). Antibiotic treatment involved a β-lactam monotherapy (54%) or was combined with a fluoroquinolone or an aminoglycoside (44%). The mortality rate was 25%. Relapse occurred in 8% of cases and was associated with delayed initiation of an efficient antimicrobial therapy after the first symptoms, diabetes, and coexistence of an osteoarticular location. Cardiovascular Campylobacter spp. infections are associated with a high mortality rate. Systematically searching for those localizations in cases of C. fetus bacteremia may be warranted.