Efficacy of 2,4-Di-<i>tert</i>-butylphenol in Reducing <i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i> Virulence: Insights into the Underlying Mechanisms
Le Yang, Rongbo Wang, Wei Lin, Benjing Li, Ting Jin, Qiyong Weng, Meixiang Zhang, Peiqing Liu
Abstract
High Resolution Image Download MS PowerPoint Slide Ralstonia solanacearum can induce severe wilt disease in vital crops. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel antifungal solutions. The natural compound 2,4-di- tert -butylphenol (2,4-DTBP) exhibits diverse physiological activities and affects soil function. However, its specific impact on the R. solanacearum remains unclear. Here, we investigated the antimicrobial potential of 2,4-DTBP. The results demonstrated that 2,4-DTBP effectively inhibited its growth and altered morphology. In addition, it substantially impeded biofilm formation, motility, and exopolysaccharide secretion. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that 2,4-DTBP inhibited energy production and membrane transport. Additionally, 2,4-DTBP hindered the growth by interfering with the membrane permeability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and electrolyte leakage. Concomitantly, this led to a significant reduction in pathogenicity, as evidenced by the biomass of R. solanacearum in the invaded roots. Overall, our data strongly support the potential utility of 2,4-DTBP as a potent antibacterial agent capable of effectively preventing the onset of bacterial wilt caused by R. solanacearum .