Structural insights into membrane adenylyl cyclases, initiators of cAMP signaling
Dina Schuster, Basavraj Khanppnavar, Ilayda Kantarci, Ved Mehta, Volodymyr M. Korkhov
Abstract
Membrane adenylyl cyclases (ACs) catalyze the conversion of ATP to the ubiquitous second messenger cAMP. As effector proteins of G protein-coupled receptors and other signaling pathways, ACs receive and amplify signals from the cell surface, translating them into biochemical reactions in the intracellular space and integrating different signaling pathways. Despite their importance in signal transduction and physiology, our knowledge about the structure, function, regulation, and molecular interactions of ACs remains relatively scarce. In this review, we summarize recent advances in our understanding of these membrane enzymes.
Topics & Concepts
Signal transductionSecond messenger systemAdenylyl cyclaseEffectorIntracellularCell biologyCell surface receptorG proteinBiologyReceptorG protein-coupled receptorCell signalingFunction (biology)ChemistryBiochemistryReceptor Mechanisms and SignalingAdenosine and Purinergic SignalingProtein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling