Immunogenic cell death in cancer: concept and therapeutic implications
Lorenzo Galluzzi, Oliver Kepp, Erik C. Hett, Guido Kroemer, Francesco M. Marincola
Abstract
Mammalian cells responding to specific perturbations of homeostasis can undergo a regulated variant of cell death that elicits adaptive immune responses. As immunogenic cell death (ICD) can only occur in a precise cellular and organismal context, it should be conceptually differentiated from instances of immunostimulation or inflammatory responses that do not mechanistically depend on cellular demise. Here, we critically discuss key conceptual and mechanistic aspects of ICD and its implications for cancer (immuno)therapy.
Topics & Concepts
Context (archaeology)Programmed cell deathImmunogenic cell deathImmune systemCancerBiologyCancer cellNecroptosisImmunologyApoptosisImmunotherapyGeneticsPaleontologyPhagocytosis and Immune RegulationCancer Immunotherapy and BiomarkersImmunotherapy and Immune Responses