A review of occupational noise-induced hearing loss: focus on mechanisms and preventive measures
Kow‐Tong Chen, Shih‐Bin Su
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: This research investigates the epidemiology, underlying mechanisms, and prevention strategies associated with occupational noise-induced hearing loss (ONIHL), while also presenting effective control measures. SOURCE OF DATA: Relevant literature was sourced from databases such as MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, encompassing articles until February 2025. AREAS OF AGREEMENT: ONIHL is widely recognized as a common occupational health issue among workers. Additionally, noise can lead to psychological and physiological complications beyond direct auditory damage. AREAS OF CONTROVERSY: The effects of noise differ across individuals, and the precise causes behind ONIHL remain poorly understood, although several pathways have been proposed. GROWING POINTS: New treatment options focused on oxidative stress, inflammation, and neuropathy are being developed through innovative drug delivery systems. AREAS TIMELY FOR DEVELOPING RESEARCH: There is a pressing need for molecular approaches to explore the mechanisms of ONIHL, particularly in the care of individuals with hearing disabilities.