Layered Double Hydroxides for Remediation of Industrial Wastewater from a Galvanic Plant
Anna Maria Cardinale, Cristina Carbone, Sirio Consani, Marco Fortunato, N. Parodi
Abstract
Owing to their structure, layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are nowadays considered as rising materials in different fields of application. In this work, the results obtained in the usage of two different LDHs to remove, by adsorption, some cationic and anionic pollutants from industrial wastewater are reported. The two compounds MgAl-CO3 and NiAl-NO3 have been prepared through a hydrothermal synthesis process and then characterized by means of PXRD, TGA, FESEM, and FTIR spectroscopy. The available wastewater, supplied by a galvanic treatment company, has been analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), resulting as being polluted by Fe(III), Cu(II), and Cr(VI). The water treatment with the two LDHs showed that chromate is more efficiently removed by the NiAl LDH through an exchange with the interlayer nitrate. On the contrary, copper and iron cations are removed in higher amounts by the MgAl LDH, probably through a substitution with Mg, even if sorption on the OH− functional groups, surface complexation, and/or precipitation of small amounts of metal hydroxides on the surface of the MgAl LDH could not be completely excluded. Possible applications of the two combined LDHs are also proposed.