The Influence of Physico-Chemical Parameters to Determine Water Quality: A Review
Azhar Jaafar, Norashikin M. Thamrin, Megat Syahirul Amin Megat Ali, Mohamad Farid Misnan, Ahmad Ihsan Mohd Yassin
Abstract
Water plays a significant role in domestic, agricultural, fisheries, and many other industries. Unfortunately, with the changes that have taken place in the environment today has contributed a profound impact on the water quality, which furthermore lead to the rise of the new water-based diseases to the human population. To meet the needs of all, the source of the supplied water must be clean and unpolluted. To ensure the quality of the water, the Physico-chemical parameters in the water must be regularly reviewed and tested. The objective of this paper is to review several Physico-chemical factors that can be used to determine the quality of the water and detect the appearance of the contamination agent in that particular water source. The findings and views from a few researchers on these parameters are discussed in this work. From this review, it can be concluded that changes in Physico-chemical parameters such as temperature, pH, salinity, Total Dissolve Solid (TDS), turbidity, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) alone cannot be used to determine the quality of the water. These parameters must be stood as the collaborative parameters to have a significant effect on the determination of the water quality.