Effects of neurological music therapy on behavioural and emotional recovery after traumatic brain injury: A randomized controlled cross-over trial
Sini‐Tuuli Siponkoski, Sanna Koskinen, Sari Laitinen, Milla Holma, Mirja Ahlfors, Päivi Jordan-Kilkki, Katja Ala-Kauhaluoma, Noelia Martínez‐Molina, Susanna Melkas, Matti Laine, Aarne Ylinen, Nathan D. Zasler, Pekka Rantanen, Jari Lipsanen, Teppo Särkämö
Abstract
= 20) half of a 6-month follow-up period. The evidence from this RCT previously demonstrated that music therapy enhanced general EF and set shifting. In the current study, outcome was assessed with self-report and caregiver-report questionnaires performed at baseline, 3-month, 6-month, and 18-month stages. The results showed that the self-reported Behavioural Regulation Index of the Behaviour Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF-A) improved more in the AB than BA group from baseline to 3-month stage and the effect was maintained in the 6-month follow-up. No changes in mood or quality of life questionnaires were observed. However, a qualitative content analysis of the feedback revealed that many participants experienced the intervention as helpful in terms of emotional well-being and activity. Our results suggest that music therapy has a positive effect on everyday behavioural regulation skills after TBI.