Analysis of the effects of zeolite additions on the properties of battery components: A review article
Миглена Славова, Iliyan Slavov, Valentin Terziev, Emiliya Mladenova, Borislav Abrashev
Abstract
Secondary batteries (SBs) are increasingly being used in a variety of areas, including stationary renewable energy storage (RES), electric vehicles (EVs), and many others. The use of zeolites in some of these battery types leads to improvements in their performance, durability, and cost-effectiveness. Zeolites are microporous aluminosilicate minerals commonly used in battery manufacturing due to their well-developed surface area and relatively low cost (most notably natural zeolites). Their porous structure facilitates diffusion processes and determines the permeability of different particles, such as molecules and ions. Variations in their properties, arising in particular from different Si/Al ratios in various types of zeolites, play a decisive role in determining their applications in battery components: electrodes, electrolytes, and separators. The properties of zeolitic materials that enhance the characteristics of SBs are conventionally categorized into three groups, although the distinctions between them are not always clear. These categories, along with their key influencing parameters, are illustrated in the graphical abstract.