Physico-chemical, <i>in-vitro</i> cytotoxicity and antimicrobial evaluation of L-valine functionalised CuO NPs on polyvinyl alcohol and blended carboxymethyl cellulose films
Yamanappagouda Amaregouda, Kantharaju Kamanna
Abstract
The novel L-valine functionalised polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/CuO NPs and PVA/carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/Copper oxide nanocomposite (NCs) films were prepared by the solvent casting method. The required CuO NPs for NC films are prepared by the novel biogenic method using Euphorbia heterophylla plant leaves extract. Various spectroscopic techniques were employed for the characterisation of biogenic prepared CuO NPs and polymeric NC films prepared, namely X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and UV–visible spectroscopy. In-vitro cytotoxicity of the prepared NC films showed cell viability (%) >80% against human embryonic kidney cell lines (for films F3 & F4). In addition, the prepared NC films (F3 & F4) exhibited potent anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activity towards E. coli, S. aureus, C. tropicalis, and C. albicans. Furthermore, the prepared NCs films showed promising results in water contact angle (66.1%), water vapour permeability (28.09%), moisture retention capacity (94%), soil biodegradable test (42%), optical transparency (58.63%) and thermal properties. The obtained results suggested us the prepared PVA/CMC/CuO NPs films can be implemented in biomedical, environmental protection, and food packaging purposes.