Prevalence of psychological stress among the Russian population and its association with socio-demographic characteristics. Data from the ESSE-RF3 study
О. М. Драпкина, Л. И. Гоманова, Yu. А. Balanova, В. А. Куценко, А. Э. Имаева, А. V. Kontsevaya, С. А. Максимов, Г. А. Муромцева, M. B. Kotova, N. S. Karamnova, O. B. Shvabskaya, С. Е. Евстифеева, А. В. Капустина, O. А. Litinskaya, M. S. Pokrovskaya, S. O. Kuzyakina, А. G. Soplenkova, Yu. V. Doludin, И. А. Ефимова, A. L. Borisova, Е. B. Yarovaya, Т. В. Репкина, T. O. Gonoshilova, Alexander V. Kudryavtsev, Н. И. Белова, Л. Л. Шагров, V. A. Samotrueva, A. L. Yasenyavskaya, Е. Н. Чернышева, S. V. Glukhovskaya, I. A. Levina, E. A. Shirshova, E. B. Dorzhieva, Е. З. Урбанова, N. Yu. Borovkova, V. K. Kurashin, А. С. Токарева, Yu. I. Ragino, Г. И. Симонова, A. D. Khudyakova, V. N. Nikulin, A. R. Aslyamov, G. V. Khokhlova, A. V. Solovyova, A. A. Rodionov, O. V. Kryachkova, Yu. Yu. Shamurova, И. В. Танцырева, И. Н. Барышникова, М. Г. Атаев, M. O. Radjabov, M. M. Isakhanova, М. А. Уметов, L. V. Elgarova, И. А. Хакуашева, E. I. Yamashkina, M. V. Esina, T. A. Kunyaeva, А. М. Никитина, Н. В. Саввина, Yu. E. Spiridonova, Е. А. Наумова, Anton А. Keskinov, Д. А. Каштанова, V. S. Yudin, S. M. Yudin, S. А. Shalnova
Abstract
Aim. To assess the prevalence of psychological stress (PS) using the Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10) in various Russian regions and to analyze PS associations with socio-demographic characteristics and behavioral risk factors and some non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Material and methods. We studied representative samples of the population aged 35-74 years in the Russian regions, examined as part of the Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases in Regions of Russian Federation-3 (ESSE-RF3) study. The subjects were interviewed using a questionnaire containing a section on the psychological stress — PSS-10. For men, PS levels are ranked as follows: "Low" — 0-11, "Medium" — 12-17, "High" — 18-40. For women, PS levels are ranked as follows: "Low" — 0-13, "Medium" — 14-19, "High" — 20-40. Statistical analysis was carried out using the open-source R 3.6.1 environment. Results. The average PS level was 12,0±7,3 (men: 10,7±7,0; women: 13,1±7,4). Every fifth person (20,3%) in the Russian population has a high PS level, with higher PS rates among women compared to men (high PS level — 21,6 vs 18,9%, respectively). A high PS level was associated with the income level (average or low), no marriage, unemployment, low level of physical activity, depression, anxiety, NCDs (type 2 diabetes, myocardial infarction, stroke), additionally for women — hypertension. Conclusion. The Russian population is characterized by a high PS prevalence, while PS rates are higher among women, which must be taken into account when predicting the NCD risks.