A hybrid of tetrazolium and pentazolate: An energetic salt with ultrahigh nitrogen content and energy
Ru-jing Yu, Yuji Liu, Wei Huang, Yongxing Tang
Abstract
As a full nitrogen energetic anion, pentazolate (cyclo-N5ˉ) holds great promise in the fields of propellants and explosives. Nowadays, nonmetallic pentazolate salts have received extensive attention as excellent nitrogen-rich energetic materials for their high enthalpies of formation, good oxygen balance, and eco-friendly decomposition products. In this study, a 1,4,5-triaminotetrazolium-based pentazolate salt (TATe+N5ˉ, 8) with a nitrogen content of up to 90.30% was designed and synthesized. Its crystal structure indicates that a large number of hydrogen bonds form a hydrogen-bonded network, and the crystal has a mixed stacking pattern. TATe+N5ˉ, which has a relatively high density (1.64 g·cm−3), high heat of formation (861.9 kJ·mol−1), and excellent detonation performances (detonation velocity: 9487 m·s−1, detonation pressure: 32.5 GPa), provides new insights into the stability of ultrahigh-nitrogen compounds.