Highly selective sensing of tetracycline by fluorescent carbon dots derived from spent coffee grounds <i>via</i> a green microwave route
Haochen Shen, Ying Chu, Zezhong Liu, Chuhan Zhang, Yang Yu, Shaohui Yang
Abstract
. Mechanistic investigations indicated that the quenching process is primarily attributed to the synergistic effect of the inner filter effect (IFE) and static quenching. The practicality of the method was demonstrated by analyzing TC in real water samples (tap water, lake water, and swine farm wastewater), achieving satisfactory spike recoveries of 98.8-105.5% with relative standard deviations (RSD) below 3.53%, confirming its good accuracy and practical applicability. Furthermore, the greenness of the proposed method was evaluated using the Greenness Evaluation Metric for Analytical Methods (GEMAM) system, yielding an excellent comprehensive score of 8.536 out of 10, which underscores its superior environmental friendliness. This work not only demonstrates a pathway for the valorization of waste biomass but also provides a green detection methodology and a potential high-performance sensing material foundation for the environmental monitoring of tetracycline antibiotics.