CD8+ tissue-resident memory T-cell development depends on infection-matching regulatory T-cell types
Leandro Barros, Daryna Piontkivska, Patrícia Figueiredo‐Campos, Júlia Fanczal, Sofia Ribeiro, Marta Baptista, Silvia Ariotti, Nuno Brito Santos, Maria João Amorim, Cristina Silva Pereira, Marc Veldhoen, Cristina Ferreira
Abstract
Abstract Immunological memory is critical for immune protection, particularly at epithelial sites, which are under constant risk of pathogen invasions. To counter invading pathogens, CD8 + memory T cells develop at the location of infection: tissue-resident memory T cells (T RM ). CD8 + T-cell responses are associated with type-1 infections and type-1 regulatory T cells (T REG ) are important for CD8 + T-cell development, however, if CD8 + T RM cells develop under other infection types and require immune type-specific T REG cells is unknown. We used three distinct lung infection models, to show that type-2 helminth infection does not establish CD8 + T RM cells. Intracellular (type-1) and extracellular (type-3) infections do and rely on the recruitment of response type-matching T REG population contributing transforming growth factor-β. Nevertheless, type-1 T REG cells remain the most important population for T RM cell development. Once established, T RM cells maintain their immune type profile. These results may have implications in the development of vaccines inducing CD8 + T RM cells.