Phytochemical investigation, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of suspension cultures of Lepidium sativum L.
Miran El-Haggar, Lobna S. El‐Hosseiny, Nabila M. Ghazy, Fathy K. El-Fiky, Amr El-Hawiet
Abstract
Lepidium sativum L. family Brassicaceae (Cruciferae) is one of the most recognized Lepidium species in the folk medicine of Africa and the middle east. Its English common name is Garden cress and known as Hab Al-Rashad in north Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. It is well known for a wide range of biological activities and a complex phytochemical composition. The current study investigates tissue culture protocols for L. sativum. For static culture initiation, Murashige and Skooge (MS) as a basal medium for L. sativum leaves was employed. Suspension cultures were initiated from leaf explant calli of L. sativum using media supplemented with various combinations of hormonal supply of 2,4 dichloro phenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D), indole-3- acetic acid (IAA), 1-naphthyl acetic acid (NAA), and adenine. Liquid chromatography/mass spectroscopy (LC/MS) analysis was performed on the ethanolic extracts of plant parts and the produced calli. The LC/MS analysis revealed the presence of eleven secondary metabolites with varying concentrations. The identified compounds are apigenin, quercetin, kaempferol, luteolin and 7-hydroxy-4′,5,6-trimethoxyisoflavone, sinapic acid, chlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol and 6-prenylnaringenin. Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities were evaluated for the calli extracts. In general, superior activities were identified for the produced calli extracts when compared to plant parts’ extracts.