Second‐victim experience and support among nurses in mainland China
Huang Rongrong, Huimin Sun, Gui-Ru Chen, Yaling Li, Jinbo Wang
Abstract
AIMS: To investigate the experience and support of nurses as second victims in adverse events and explore factors. BACKGROUND: Adverse events have significant negative influences on healthcare professionals. However, there is still a lack of research on the impacts of individual and event factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey via a self-report electronic questionnaire was sent to approximately 6400 nurses from six tertiary comprehensive hospitals in mainland China. The socio-demographic, adverse event-related information and second-victim experience and support questionnaires were used. RESULTS: Approximately 2897 (45.26%) of nurses were involved in at least one adverse event that mainly caused psychological distress. Male nurses, Grade I adverse events, public reports and discussions of adverse events were related to the second-victim reaction. Discussing with a respected colleague was the most strongly desired form of support. CONCLUSIONS: Chinese nurses have reported a high prevalence of psychological reactions. Follow-up studies must consider other potential factors. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: Nursing managers should consider the factors that affect second victims and provide support based on the expectations of nurses. Psychological first-aid and immediate and mid- to long-term support strategies should be provided to help the second victim alleviate distress.