<scp>PEDOT</scp>: <scp>PSS</scp>‐grafted graphene oxide‐titanium dioxide nanohybrid‐based conducting paper for glucose detection
Geetu P. Paul, Sakshi Verma, Owais Jalil, Deeksha Thakur, Chandra Mouli Pandey, Devendra Kumar
Abstract
Abstract In this work, efforts have been made to develop a conducting paper‐ (CP) based biosensor using poly(3,4ethylenedioxythiophene): poly(4‐styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)‐grafted reduced graphene oxide‐titanium dioxide (rGO‐TiO 2 ) nanohybrid. The effect of different dopant (ethylene glycol [EG], glycerine and methanol) on the conductivity of the paper has been investigated, and it was observed that the conductivity of the CP significantly increases from 6.9 × 10 −5 S/cm to 1.1 × 10 −4 S/cm on treatment with EG. While, after the incorporation rGO‐TiO 2 nanohybrid into PEDOT:PSS‐grafted paper, the conductivity increased to 4.9 × 10 −2 S/cm. The fabricated flexible rGO‐TiO 2 @CP was characterized using X‐ray diffraction, Thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, and amperometric techniques. The developed rGO‐TiO 2 @CP has been utilized for the immobilization of glucose oxidase for the quantitative estimation of glucose. Electrochemical results reveal that the modified CP shows high sensitivity (94.98 μAmM −1 cm −2 ) with a low limit of detection (0.01 mM) and can be a promising substitute over other expensive conventional electrodes.