Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles using Lawsonia inermis for Enhanced Degradation of Organic Pollutants in Wastewater Treatment
V Shankar, G Velmurugan, D Raja, Pandian, Z Alhalili, A Saravanan, P Kumar, Hemavathy R V, T Aragaw, F Bogale, B Aragaw, Tnv Raj, P Hoskeri, S Hamzad, A El-Sayed, A Amr, Omhm Kamel, Sabarinathan, A Fouda, A Eid, A Abdelkareem, K Rambabu, G Bharath, F Banat, P Show, Hemanth, M El-Sesy, S Othman, C Devatha, K Jagadeesh, M Patil, C Das, S Sen, T Singh, H Roy, M Islam, M Arifin, S Firoz, M Rafique, F Shafiq, Ssa Gillani, T Ahmed, M Noman, M Shahid, E El-Aswar, M Zahran, M El-Kemary, Lakshmaiya, B Ajitha, Yak Reddy, P Reddy, P Agarwal, R Gupta, N Agarwal, S Anand, J Lamba, P Sharma, M Hamad, Babavali, G Velmurugan, L Natrayan, S Vasantharaj, S Sathiyavimal, P Senthilkumar, B Preetha, B Vishalakshi, S Abegunde, K Idowu, A Sulaimon, S Wei, Y Wang, Z Tang, G Ismail, N Allam, W El-Gemizy, M Salem, M Choudhary, J Kataria, S Sharma, Karthiga Devi, G, Senthil Kumar, P, Sathish Kumar, K
Abstract
<p>In response to the growing demand for eco-friendly and efficient catalysts in wastewater treatment, this study introduces a novel, biosynthesized silver nanoparticle (AgNP) using leaf extract from Lawsonia inermis, a widely available plant. We employed a unique concentration mixture of 0.015 mg/mL leaf extract and 2.0 mM silver nitrate to achieve optimal results under atmospheric conditions. Comprehensive characterization was conducted through X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy. Remarkably, these Lawsonia inermis-synthesized AgNPs (LI-AgNPs) demonstrated superior catalytic degradation of organic pollutants, such as 4-nitrophenol, methylene blue, eosin yellow, and methyl orange. Among them, 4-nitrophenol was reduced most efficiently, following pseudo-first order kinetics. The LI-AgNPs exhibited unprecedented catalytic potential, evidenced by a sharp decline in methyl orange absorption and the emergence of a new hydrazine compound signal at 280 nm. With a catalytic loading as low as 0.2 mg/mL, we achieved an astounding 82.5% dye removal. This innovative approach advances the field of environmental remediation</p>