Regression-based cognitive change norms applied in biochemically defined predementia Alzheimer’s disease.
Ingvild Vøllo Eliassen, Bjørn‐Eivind Kirsebom, Tormod Fladby, Knut Waterloo, Sigrid Botne Sando, Mathilde Suhr Hemminghyth, Dag Aarsland, Santiago Timón‐Reina, Anders Wallin, Fredrik Öhman, Marie Eckerström, Erik Hessen
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: We aim to develop 2-year cognitive change norms for adults ages 41-84 for six cognitive tests, and to evaluate these norms in groups with AD biomarkers. BACKGROUND: Practice effects are common in repeated neuropsychological testing. Not accounting for practice effects may obscure cognitive decline in early Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHOD: = 246), classified according to the A/T/N system. RESULTS: The change norms adjusted for pertinent demographics and practice effects. The group with cognitive complaints displayed a trend toward cognitive decline compared to the normative group, with the A +T/N + subgroup showing the most marked decline. This was observed in tests of episodic memory and cognitive flexibility/divided attention. CONCLUSIONS: We present 2-year cognitive change norms for adults between 41 and 84 years, adjusted for practice and demographics. A web-based change norm calculator is provided. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).