Radiotherapy as an immune checkpoint blockade combination strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma
Byung Min Lee, Jinsil Seong
Abstract
In the immune oncology era, the clinical efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) against most solid cancers is well known. In hepatocellular carcinoma, the recent success of combination therapy with targeting agents has accelerated the search for novel combination strategies. Radiotherapy (RT), an attractive modality, can be combined with ICIs, which act as strong modulators of the tumor immune microenvironment. Herein, we discuss immune modulation caused by radiation and the current trials of RT-ICI combination treatment as well as future perspectives.
Topics & Concepts
Hepatocellular carcinomaImmune checkpointMedicineRadiation therapyImmune systemBlockadeTumor microenvironmentOncologyCombination therapyImmunotherapyCancer researchImmune modulationInternal medicineImmunologyReceptorCancer Immunotherapy and BiomarkersImmune cells in cancerImmunotherapy and Immune Responses