Design, Synthesis, Characterization and Computational Studies of Mannich Bases Oxadiazole Derivatives as New Class of Jack Bean Urease Inhibitors
Sadaf Mutahir, Muhammad Asim Khan, Abdulrahman A. Almehizia, Amr S. Abouzied, Nasrin E. Khalifa, Ahmed M. Naglah, Haishan Deng, Moamen Salaheldeen Refat, Weam M. A. Khojali, Bader Huwaimel
Abstract
Abstract Mannich bases consisting of 1,3,4‐oxadiazole‐2‐thione ( 3 a – 3 l ) bearing various substituents were synthesized and found potent jack bean urease inhibitors. The prepared compounds showed significantly good inhibitory activities with IC 50 values from 9.45±0.05 to 267.42±0.23 μM. The compound 3 k containing 4‐chlorophenyl (−R) and 4‐hydroxyphenyl (−R′) was most active with IC 50 9.45±0.05 μM followed by 3 e (IC 50 22.52±0.15 μM) in which −R was phenyl and −R′ was isopropyl group. However, when both −R and −R′ were either 4‐chlorophenyl groups ( 3 l ) or only −R′ was 4‐nitrophenyl ( 3 i ), both compounds were found inactive. The detailed binding affinities of the produced compounds with protein were explored through molecular docking and data‐supported in‐vitro enzyme inhibition profiles. Drug likeness was confirmed by in silico ADME investigations and molecular orbital analysis (HOMO‐LUMO) and electrostatic potential maps were got from DFT calculations. ESP maps exposed that there are two potential binding sites with the most positive and most negative parts.