Entropy generation and thermosolutal convection in a radiative porous chamber filled with a Casson-based ternary hybrid nanofluid and a cold square obstacle
Samrat Hansda, Sarna Soren
Abstract
This study investigates entropy generation and thermosolutal convection within a radiative porous chamber saturated with a Casson-based ternary hybrid nanofluid, incorporating a centrally located cold square obstacle. The analysis takes into account thermal radiation, resistance of the porous medium, and buoyancy forces driven by both temperature and concentration gradients. The primary goal of this study is to assess how the unique combination of non-Newtonian fluid properties, multiple nanoparticle interactions, and geometric complexity affects the flow topology and thermosolutal transfer. The governing equations are discretized using a high-order compact finite-difference scheme and solved through a validated in-house numerical code, offering enhanced accuracy in resolving complex flow and thermal fields. The novelty of this study lies in the analysis of thermosolutal convection and entropy generation of a Casson-based ternary hybrid nanofluid within a porous enclosure featuring a centrally placed cold square obstacle. The results reveal that the inclusion of the cold obstacle significantly alters the convective flow patterns, enhances thermal stratification, and intensifies localized entropy generation. The findings provide valuable insights for optimizing energy efficiency and controlling irreversibilities in advanced thermal systems using hybrid nanofluids in porous domains. The key findings demonstrate that convective transport is substantially enhanced by boosting the Darcy number (Da) from 10−5 to 10−3. At δ=10 and AR=0.4, the average Nusselt number (Nuavg) and the average Sherwood number (Shavg) both were raised by 58.68% and 116.60%, respectively.