Assessing coastal susceptibility to sea-level rise in Alexandria, Egypt
M. Elsaied Abou-Mahmoud
Abstract
An assessment of the susceptibility of Alexandria coastal zone, Egypt, to sea-level rise has been conducted. Alexandria has a vast population and vital activities (industry, fishery, and agriculture) along its coastal zones. Further reasons for such an assessment is the great historical significance of Alexandria and its lowland relief. The evaluation was implemented through examining land elevation datasets, to a sea-level rise scenario of 1 m. The materials and methods used chart the way forward to predict the hazards by integrating available different datasets using accessible analytical tools. Concerning the inundation scenario, the submergence would take place in the east and middle of Alexandria, but natural and artificial barriers would restrain the flooding to penetrate so far. While western Alexandria is relatively preserved by coastal sand dunes and ridges, and steep land slope. In the case of a tsunami hit, as has happened in later eras, there would be severe consequences, and no obstacles will be able to stop it. However, sea inundation will influence inhabitants and economy (educational facilities, Alexandria port, and railway). Therefore, an Integrated Coastal Zone Management Plan that includes upgrading awareness, urban growth planning, and executing regulations is recommended. Moreover, tolerable response plans and adaptation options are needed.