Relevance of Residual Tricuspid Regurgitation for Right Ventricular Reverse Remodelling After Tricuspid Valve Intervention in Patients with Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation and Right-Sided Heart Failure
Ludwig T. Weckbach, Lukas Stolz, Philipp M. Doldi, Hannah Glaser, Cecilia Ennin, Michael Kothieringer, Thomas Stocker, Michael Näbauer, Mohammad Kassar, Sara Bombace, Karl‐Patrik Kresoja, Philipp Lurz, Fabien Praz, Holger Thiele, Volker Rudolph, Steffen Maßberg, Jörg Hausleiter
Abstract
AIMS: Right ventricular reverse remodelling (RVRR) is linked to improved survival in patients with severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) and right-sided heart failure who underwent interventional treatment. However, the role of residual TR on RVRR remains unclear. In this analysis the impact of residual TR on RVRR after interventional TR treatment, which was validated by two independent cohorts at four sites using echocardiography or cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging, was investigated. METHODS AND RESULTS: Overall, 253 patients who were treated for severe TR and right-sided heart failure using different treatment modalities (tricuspid transcatheter edge-to-edge repair [T-TEER], transcatheter tricuspid valve annuloplasty, orthotopic transcatheter TV replacement [TTVR], heterotopic TTVR) were included. Three-dimensional echocardiographic and CMR-based assessment of RVRR and clinical evaluation of decongestion or exercise capacity were performed at baseline and 30 days after the procedure. Mortality was analysed at 1 year after transcatheter tricuspid valve intervention (TTVI). In patients with residual TR ≤1+ pronounced reduction of right ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes was observed. In patients with residual TR ≥2+ the effect of RVRR gradually decreased with higher residual TR reinforcing the relevance of optimal procedural results for RVRR. These findings were validated in two independent cohorts. In contrast to RVRR, residual TR ≤1+ and 2+ were associated with similar 1-year survival. RVRR was only observed after T-TEER or orthotopic TTVR, but not after heterotopic TTVR as expected. However, all three treatment modalities were accompanied by significant decongestion and functional improvement at 30-day follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with severe TR and right-sided heart failure undergoing TTVI, superior procedural results were associated with more pronounced RVRR.