Multiple antibiotic resistant index and detection of qnrS and qnrB genes in bacterial consortium of urine samples from clinical settings
Michael Tosin Bayode, Adewale Oluwasogo Olalemi, Babayemi Olawale Oladejo
Abstract
The multiple antibiotic resistant (MAR) index and detection of resistant genes in the bacterial consortium of urine samples collected from University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital, Akure (UNIMEDTH) was evaluated with all microbiological and biotechnological techniques employed utilizing specified standards in this study. <em>Escherichia coli </em>had the highest bacterial count (311.50 ± 0.707 CFU/ml) while <em>Staphylococcus saprophyticus </em>had the least (13.00 ± 2.828 CFU/ml). <em>Enterococcus faecalis</em>, and <em>Pseudomonas</em> <em>aeruginosa</em> isolate showed marked resistance against four classes of antibiotics tested. The MAR index of bacterial isolates ranged from 0.5 to 1.0. Fluoroquinolone-resistant <em>P. aeruginosa</em> identified to be <em>P. aeruginosa</em> via 16S rDNA analysis sequence analysis of 417 base pairs with strain mcbay1 deposited in GenBank with accession number MT423976 was positive for qnrS resistant gene. <em>E. faecalis</em> identified by 16S rRNA sequence analysis of 264 bp of the strain mcbay 2 deposited in GenBank with accession number MT423977 was also positive for qnrB resistant gene. The presence of resistant genes in ciprofloxacin-resistant <em>P. aeruginosa</em> and quinolone-resistant <em>E. faecalis</em> in urine samples further emphasized the need for the regulation of over-the-counter prescription and antibiotic susceptibility survey of anti-pseudomonal and anti-enterococcal quinolones in hospital settings.