Microwave-assisted extraction of biomolecules from moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) leaves var. PKM 1: A optimization study by response surface methodology (RSM)
Sandeep Gunalan, Arumugam Thangaiah, Vijayalatha Kulandaivelu Rathnasamy, Janavi Gnanaguru Janaki, Anitha Thiyagarajan, Senthil Kuppusamy, Lakshmanan Arunachalam
Abstract
Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) is an incredible plant with a storehouse of essential nutrients like protein, vitamins, minerals and phytochemicals such as tannins and flavonoids. From the qualitative screening, phytochemical was highly present in hydroethanolic extracts. The recovery of these biomolecules could be achieved by advanced novel extraction methods like microwave-assisted extraction. The main aim of this experimental trial is to optimize with a range of three independent factors including power (500 W–700 W), temperature (30ºC-50 °C) and extraction time (20min–40min) consisting of two levels of dependent variables like extraction yield (EY) and total phenol content (TPC) using response surface methodology (RSM) constructed by central composite design (CCD) with 20 runs. The optimized extraction method recorded 14.64–17.65% of extraction yield and 63.36–76.40 mg GAE/gram of total phenol content. As a result of the optimization of microwave-assisted extraction, the recovery of biomolecules from the dried moringa leaves is achieved by increasing the extraction temperature with the microwave power of the instrument.