Semaglutide 2.4 mg long-term clinical outcomes in patients with obesity or overweight: a real-world retrospective cohort study in the United States (SCOPE 12 months)
Aleksandrina Ruseva, Firas Dabbous, Nina Ding, Anthony N. Fabricatore, Samuel Huse, Wojciech Michalak, Beth Nordstrom, Bríain ó Hartaigh, Zhenxiang Zhao, Devika Umashanker
Abstract
Objectives To evaluate the effectiveness of semaglutide 2.4 mg for weight reduction and improvement in cardiometabolic biomarkers at 52 and 68 weeks in a real-world setting in the United States.Methods This noninterventional, retrospective cohort study used the Komodo Health database and included adults with obesity or overweight with ≥ 1 weight-related condition who initiated treatment with semaglutide 2.4 mg between June 2021 and August 2022 and remained on treatment for 1 year. A paired t-test was used to assess changes in weight, body mass index (BMI), and cardiometabolic biomarkers (systolic blood pressure [SBP], diastolic blood pressure [DBP], glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c], HDL [high-density lipoprotein] cholesterol, LDL [low-density lipoprotein] cholesterol, and triglycerides) from baseline to 52-week and 68-week follow-up.Results Among 4,424 eligible patients, 77% were women and the mean (SD) age was 46.7 (10.0) years and BMI was 36.6 (3.6) kg/m2. Dyslipidemia and hypertension were the most common obesity-related comorbidities at baseline. The mean (%) change in weight from baseline was –15.5 kg (–14.5%; p < 0.001; n = 594) at 52 weeks and –15.9 kg (–14.8%; p < 0.001; n = 391) at 68 weeks. The mean change in BMI from baseline was −4.8 kg/m2 (n = 1124) at 52 weeks and −4.9 kg/m2 (n = 700) at 68 weeks. At 52-weeks, statistically significant improvements in mean values were observed for SBP (–6.3 mmHg), DBP (–3.1 mmHg), HbA1c (–0.4%), LDL cholesterol (–8.1 mg/dL), and triglycerides (–38.4 mg/dL) (all p < 0.001). Mean change at 52 weeks for HDL cholesterol was 1.0 mg/dL; p = 0.109. Results at 68 weeks were similar.Conclusions In this retrospective cohort study, the real-world effectiveness of semaglutide 2.4 mg was demonstrated by reductions in weight and BMI along with improvements in BP, HbA1c, and lipid panel among patients with obesity or overweight.