Surface engineering of oncolytic adenovirus for a combination of immune checkpoint blockade and virotherapy
Peng Lv, Xiaomei Chen, Shiying Fu, En Ren, Chao Liu, Xuan Liu, Lai Jiang, Yun Zeng, Xiaoyong Wang, Gang Liu
Abstract
Selective oncolytic effects with oncolytic adenovirus led to an up-regulated expression of PD-L1 in the tumor microenvironment, turning immunologically 'cold' tumors into immunologically 'hot' tumors, presenting more targets for further enhanced target delivery. Notably, PD1-BCMNs@OA could effectively activate tumor-infiltrating T cells and elicit a strong anti-tumor immune response. Thus, PD1-BCMNs@OA may provide a clinical basis for combining oncolytic virotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors, enhancing the oncolytic adenovirus targeted delivery and significantly enhancing T cell immune responses, resulting in a stronger antitumor immunity response.