RNase L Amplifies Interferon Signaling by Inducing Protein Kinase R-Mediated Antiviral Stress Granules
Praveen Manivannan, Mohammad Adnan Siddiqui, Krishnamurthy Malathi
Abstract
Double-stranded RNAs produced during viral infections serve as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and bind pattern recognition receptors to stimulate IFN production. RNase L is an IFN-regulated endoribonuclease that is activated in virus-infected cells and cleaves single-stranded viral and cellular RNAs. The RNase L-cleaved dsRNAs signal to Rig-like helicases to amplify IFN production. This study identifies a novel role of antiviral stress granules induced by RNase L as an antiviral signaling hub to coordinate the RNA ligands with cognate receptors to mount an effective host response during viral infections.
Topics & Concepts
BiologyInterferonRNase PStress granuleProtein kinase RSignal transductionCell biologyKinaseAntiviral proteinProtein kinase AVirologyMitogen-activated protein kinase kinaseGeneticsRNATranslation (biology)Messenger RNAGeneinterferon and immune responsesRNA regulation and diseaseViral Infections and Immunology Research