A Case of Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia Following COVID-19 Messenger Ribonucleic Acid Vaccination
Sérgio Brito, Nuno Ferreira, Sofia Mateus, Manuela Bernardo, Beatriz Pinto, Ana Karla Rodrigues Lourenço, Fátima Grenho
Abstract
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a condition characterized by the increased destruction of red blood cells (RBCs) mediated by anti-erythrocyte autoantibodies with or without complement activation. Its clinical presentation is heterogeneous, ranging from asymptomatic to severe forms with fatal outcomes, and it can be either idiopathic or secondary to a coexisting disorder. In this report, we present a case of a patient who suffered from acute and severe AIHA after receiving the second dose of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) vaccine.
Topics & Concepts
MedicineAutoimmune hemolytic anemiaAsymptomaticImmunologyAutoantibodyVaccinationHemolytic anemiaCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Complement systemDiseaseVirologyAntibodyInternal medicineInfectious disease (medical specialty)Blood groups and transfusionErythrocyte Function and PathophysiologyDiabetes and associated disorders