Development of Solution-Processed Eco-Friendly Cs<sub>2</sub>SnI<sub>6</sub> Double Perovskite Thin-Film Solar Cell
Nilesh Jaiswal, Vivek Pratap Singh, Chandra Prakash Singh, Deepak Punetha, Saurabh Kumar Pandey
Abstract
This article reports a simple and efficient solution-processed method for designing stable Cs <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> SnI <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sub> double perovskite thin film solar cells utilizing Cesium iodide and SnI <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">4</sub> in a 2:1 ratio. Better crystallinity in a Cs <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> SnI <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sub> film is typically associated with higher optical absorbance, lower carrier concentration, more carrier mobility, and improved air and thermal stability. This compound contains Sn, which is in the 4+ oxidation state, which makes it significantly more robust against oxidation. The detailed synthetic difficulties in processing these compounds in solutions are the primary concern of this study. The solar cell parameters, structural, morphological, and, optical properties of prepared Cs <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> SnI <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sub> thin film were investigated using Netport Oriel12A solar simulator, thin film grazing incidence x-ray diffraction (GI-XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X-ray, and photoluminescence spectra (PL-Spectroscopy). Further, utilizing the synthesized Cs <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> SnI <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sub> thin films as an absorber material, we have fabricated n-i-p configured FTO/TiO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> /Cs <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> SnI <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sub> /MoS <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> /Ni/glass in the ambient condition. The current study will also suggest future research directions for increasing the device performance of air-stable Cs <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> SnI <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">6</sub> perovskite solar cells.