Spillover of Canine Parvovirus Type 2 to Pigs, South Dakota, USA, 2020
Gun Temeeyasen, Tamer A. Sharafeldin, Chun-Ming Lin, Ben M. Hause
Abstract
C anine parvovirus type 2 (CPV-2) is a variant of the species Carnivore protoparvovirus 1, which can cause severe disease in carnivores of many species (1-3). Besides CPV-2, which causes enteritis in dogs of all ages and myocarditis in puppies, the virus species includes feline panleukopenia virus, which causes severe enteritis and leukopenia in cats of all ages (4). In 1978, CPV-2 emerged and caused a worldwide pandemic after spillover from a feline panleukopenia virus-like virus in wildlife. Subsequent adaptation to canine hosts led to genetic and antigenic diversification into subtypes 2a, 2b, and 2c (5). Continued CPV host switching has been documented; spillover to wildlife (including skunks, raccoons, coyotes) has resulted in clinical disease and asymptomatic infection (2).