Using<i>Coptotermes</i>for laboratory experiments: field collection, laboratory rearing, and bioassay visualization
Thomas Chouvenc
Abstract
Coptotermes laboratory research has historically relied on the ability to manipulate groups of termites for experimental protocols. However, there is an accumulation of scientific literature on subterranean termite research with questionable interpretative power, often stemming from poor initial termite vigor or inappropriate experimental approaches. Moving forward, it is imperative that empirical assays adopt strict rules on acquiring, maintaining, manipulating, and observing live groups of termites, to ensure that studies produce biologically meaningful, repeatable, comparable, and relevant results. This chapter provides a scientific philosophy for how Coptotermes may be approached as a biological model for research purposes, and compiles decades of experience from various laboratories around the world. It covers: (1) limitations that are inherent to subterranean termite research, with an emphasis on mistakes and pitfalls to avoid when first approaching Coptotermes ; (2) protocols to establish termite field colonies as a perennial source of biological material; (3) rearing protocols in laboratory conditions using Coptotermes alates as an alternative reliable source for termites; and (4) protocols to observe subterranean termites with an emphasis on the use of planar arenas. This general overview provides universal guidelines toward a standardization of empirical Coptotermes research, while opening new avenues and opportunities for current and future laboratories.