Synthesis and characterizations of (Ba1-xCax)Ti4O9, 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.9 ceramics
Asad Ali, Sarir Uddin, Zafar Iqbal, Madan Lal, Muhammad Hasnain Jameel, Abid Zaman, Abid Ahmad, Waqas Khan
Abstract
Manufacturing of energy storage devices with good efficiency and fewer losses has been a distinct topic. A material with good dielectric properties and fewer energy losses is the basic demand of the electronic industry. Barium tetra titanate ceramic material (BaTi4O9) is a prominent dielectric material with average permittivity and low losses. However, we report a Ca2+ substituted Barium tetra titanate (BaTi4O9) with enhancement in dielectric properties and reduction in losses (Ba1-xCax) T4O9 was prepared using the conventional solid-state solution technique. X-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the formation of the orthorhombic phase (with space group = Pnmm). A drastic change in grain size was observed by increasing the Ca2+ substitution. Dielectric properties have been measured at 4 GHz and found maximum dielectric constant = 40 and loss = 0.00014. The optimum electro-caloric response rises from 0.56 to 0.69 k at ΔE = 1.34 Vμm−1. The effect of substitution Ca2+ contents and microstructure on dielectric properties were analyzed using a precision impedance analyzer in a vast frequency range i.e. 4 Hz to 20 MHz. Enhanced dielectric properties with low energy losses made it a prominent material for energy storage devices.