Integration of intestinal microbiota and metabonomics to elucidate different alleviation impacts of non-saponification and saponification astaxanthin pre-treatment on paracetamol-induced oxidative stress in rats
Ru Song, Yan Xu, Zhe Jia, Xinyan Liu, Xiaoxia Zhang
Abstract
-Retinoic acid and taurine related to antioxidant activities were significantly accumulated in the S-Asta pre-treated group, while increasing taurocholic acid levels associated with the anti-inflammatory activity was found in the N-Asta-pre-treated group. Therefore, N-Asta and S-Asta could have potential applications in counterbalancing intestinal flora and metabolite disturbances by overdose chemical induction.
Topics & Concepts
SaponificationAstaxanthinOxidative stressChemistryFood scienceGut floraBiochemistryCarotenoidDiet and metabolism studiesMetabolomics and Mass Spectrometry StudiesVitamin C and Antioxidants Research