Fast and efficient upgrading of levulinic acid into long-chain alkyl levulinate fuel additives with a tungsten salt catalyst at low temperature
Songyan Jia, Jiao Ma, Dongping Wang, Kangjun Wang, Qiang Zheng, Chunshan Song, Xinwen Guo
Abstract
Levulinic acid (LA) is a promising biobased platform compound. Long-chain levulinate esters are a class of valuable fuel additives. Tungsten chloride catalyst can fast and efficiently convert LA into long-chain levulinate esters at low temperature.
Topics & Concepts
Levulinic acidCatalysisAlkylSalt (chemistry)ChemistryTungstenOrganic chemistryMolten saltChlorideLong chainChain (unit)Inorganic chemistryPolymer sciencePhysicsAstronomyCatalysis for Biomass ConversionSupercapacitor Materials and FabricationCatalysis and Hydrodesulfurization Studies