NIR ICG-Enhanced Fluorescence: A Quantitative Evaluation of Bowel Microperfusion and Its Relation to Central Perfusion in Colorectal Surgery
Norma Depalma, Stefano D’Ugo, Farshad Manoochehri, Annarita Libia, William Sergi, Tiziana R. L. Marchese, Stefania Forciniti, Loretta L. del Mercato, Prisco Piscitelli, Stefano Garritano, Fabio Castellana, Roberta Zupo, Marcello Spampinato
Abstract
BACKGROUND: To date, no standardized protocols nor a quantitative assessment of the near-infrared fluorescence angiography with indocyanine green (NIR-ICG) are available. The aim of this study was to evaluate the timing of fluorescence as a reproducible parameter and its efficacy in predicting anastomotic leakage (AL) in colorectal surgery. METHODS: A consecutive cohort of 108 patients undergoing minimally invasive elective procedures for colorectal cancer was prospectively enrolled. The difference between macro and microperfusion (ΔT) was obtained by calculating the timing of fluorescence at the level of iliac artery division and colonic wall, respectively. RESULTS: < 0.01); a cut-off threshold of 832 was identified (sensitivity 0.86, specificity 0.77). Perfusion parameters were also associated with a faster bowel motility resumption and a reduced length of hospital stay. CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of the timing of fluorescence provides a quantitative, easy evaluation of tissue perfusion. A ΔT/HR interaction ≥832 may be used as a real-time parameter to guide surgical decision making in colorectal surgery.