Antiplatelet and antithrombotic properties of methanolic leaf extract of plumbago zeylanica L.: GC-MS and HR-LCMS metabolite profiling
Sarvan Kumar Guguloth, Narender Malothu, Narayana Murthy Ganta, Kakarla Ramakrishna, Chakravarthi Guntupalli
Abstract
Cardiovascular illnesses like ischemic stroke, deep vein thrombosis, myocardial infarction, and cerebrovascular complications, which eventually cause morbidity and mortality, are mostly driven by blood clotting events. The present study is aimed to evaluate the antithrombotic and antiplatelet effects of methanolic leaf extract of Plumbago zeylanica L. (MPEZ) in rats and to identify the phytochemical distribution by the GC–MS and HR-LCMS. Antiplatelet activity of MEPZ was evaluated by assessing bleeding time (BT),collagen, adenosine diphosphate (ADP), and arachidonic acid (AA) induced platelet aggregation. The antithrombotic effects were assessed by measuring the coagulation parameters such as fibrinogen (Fb), thrombin time (TT), prothrombin time (PT), and activated partialthromboplastin time (aPTT). Phytochemicals present in MEPZ were identified by GC–MS and HR-LCMS analysis. In this study, MEPZ treatment significantly prolonged the BT and inhibited collagen, ADP, and AA-induced platelet aggregation. Besides, MEPZ treatment prolonged the TT, PT, and aPTT and decreased the fibrinogen levels. Further, MEPZ treatment did not alter the RBC, Hb, and platelet count. Furthermore, GC–MS and HR-LCMS analysis revealed the presence of a total of 46 compounds of a variety of chemical classes like alkaloids, flavonoids, diterpenoids, fatty acids, glycosides, amino acids and polyphenols, etc. Based on these experimental results, it can be concluded that Plumbago zeylanica L. leaves possess potential antiplatelet and antithrombotic properties.