Sustainability of membrane separation technology on groundwater reverse osmosis process
Alemu Mengesha, Omprakash Sahu
Abstract
Globally increasing in water demand causes critical valuation of water reuse. Freshwater demand in the various sectors is mostly fulfilled from ground and surface water. Groundwater resources are highly saline, threatening the long-term viability of arable regions. With negative aspects like reduction of soil fertility and crops yields, several processes were described. Among them, the membrane process was documented as a practicable option for irrigation application. This review work aims to provide a consolidated review on the technical maturity of the reverse osmosis system for feasible and sustainable groundwater desalination. The paper deals with basic principles, membrane modules, flow process, design parameters, and overall performance of the reverse osmosis systems. The implementation system for decentralized groundwater desalination is anticipated to be a practical option in ensuring the availability of good quality water regularly.