Kinematic topologies of black holes
Jiayu Yin, Jie Jiang, Ming Zhang
Abstract
We investigate the kinematic topologies of light rings (LRs) and massive particle rings (PRs) encircling spherical and axisymmetric black holes. Our results demonstrate that the global topology number of LRs is consistently $\ensuremath{-}1$ for asymptotically flat and (anti--)de Sitter spacetime. Additionally, we show that the global topology of PRs varies, with a value of 0 in asymptotically flat and anti--de Sitter spacetime but $\ensuremath{-}1$ in asymptotic de Sitter spacetime.
Topics & Concepts
SpacetimePhysicsTopology (electrical circuits)Anti-de Sitter spaceBlack hole (networking)KinematicsDe Sitter universeMathematical physicsSpacetime topologyRotational symmetryClassical mechanicsde Sitter–Schwarzschild metricSpace timeUniverseQuantum mechanicsMathematicsQuantum field theory in curved spacetimeQuantum gravityMechanicsComputer scienceCombinatoricsSchwarzschild radiusLink-state routing protocolRouting protocolQuantumComputer networkEngineeringRouting (electronic design automation)Chemical engineeringBlack Holes and Theoretical PhysicsAstrophysical Phenomena and ObservationsPulsars and Gravitational Waves Research