Measurement, characterisation and influence of the air temperature above the build plate in fused filament fabrication
Jie Zhang, Jonas Neeckx, Brecht Van Hooreweder, Eleonora Ferraris
Abstract
Heated build plates are common yet essential components in many additive manufacturing (AM) machines. However, their influence on the air temperature above and the subsequent impact on the AM process are barely discussed. This article proposes a simple model for the air temperature above the plate Ta(z), which exponentially decays from the plate temperature to the far environment temperature by a characteristic dimension lc in the range of 2–9 mm. The model has been empirically validated for three fused filament fabrication (FFF) machines, including open and closed systems, small and large build chambers. Temperature simulations in printed parts suggest that Ta(z) plays a critical role when printing at low layer thicknesses, such as 300 µm. Besides, adding an enclosure to FFF machines can significantly raise the far environment temperature inside the chamber, delaying the part cooling. However, its effect is noticeable for the portion above 10 mm only.