Molecular Characterization of Imported and Autochthonous Dengue in Northeastern Spain
Jessica Navero‐Castillejos, Rosa Benitez, Núria Torner, José Muñóz, Daniel Camprubí, Aida Peiró-Mestres, Elena Sulleiro, Aroa Silgado, Verónica Gonzalo, Teresa Falgueras, Izaskun Alejo-Cancho, Montserrat Roldán, Virginia Plasencia, Rosa Albarracín, Josefa Martínez Pérez, Alexander Navarro, Ana Calderón, Rosa Rubio, Mireia Navarro, Miguel Micó, Jaume Llaberia, María Luisa Navarro, Josep Barrachina, Anna Vilamala, Carmina Martí, María Ángeles Pulido, María Paz Sánchez‐Seco, Ana Vázquez, Ana Martı́nez, Mireia Jané, Miguel J. Martínez
Abstract
Dengue is the most significant arbovirus worldwide and a public health threat to non-endemic areas in which Aedes vectors are present. Autochthonous dengue transmission has been reported in several European countries in the last decade. Infected travelers from endemic regions arriving to areas colonized by Aedes albopictus in Europe need to be monitored in surveillance and control programs. We aimed to perform molecular characterization of RT-PCR-positive dengue cases detected in Catalonia, northeastern Spain, from 2013 to 2018. The basic demographic information and the geographical regions of importation were also analyzed. One-hundred four dengue cases were studied (103 imported infections and the first autochthonous case in our region). The dengue virus strains detected were serotyped and genotyped using molecular methods, and phylogenetic analyses were conducted. All four dengue serotypes were detected in travelers, including up to 10 different genotypes, reflecting the global circulation of dengue in endemic areas. The primary travel-related case of the 2018 autochthonous transmission was not identified, but the molecular analysis revealed dengue serotype 1, genotype I of Asian origin. Our results highlight the diversity of imported dengue virus strains and the role of molecular epidemiology in supporting arbovirus surveillance programs.