Controlling Differentiation of Adult Stem Cells Via Cell-Derived Nanoparticles: Implications in Bone Repair
Shruthi Polla Ravi, Yasmeen Shamiya, Aishik Chakraborty, Ali Coyle, Alap Ali Zahid, Jin Wang, Michael S. H. Boutilier, Emmanuel A. Ho, Arghya Paul
Abstract
Current nanostructured biomaterials-based drug delivery vehicles for bone regeneration applications often show suboptimal cellular uptake and inferior drug loading. To overcome these challenges, we have developed a biomimetic cell-derived nanoparticle (CDN) loaded with the Food and Drug Administration-approved small-molecule therapeutic Dexamethasone, to induce osteogenic differentiation in human adipose-derived stem cells. The drug-loaded CDNs were cytocompatible, maintained hydrodynamic stability with uniform spherical shape and size, and exhibited high-percentage drug loading along with rapid cellular uptake and stem cell differentiation. These results demonstrate for the first time the preparation of Dexamethasone-loaded CDNs capable of directing stem cell fate for advanced bone regeneration applications.